2022 Buffalo shooting

Coordinates: 42°54′35″N 78°51′10″W / 42.90972°N 78.85278°W / 42.90972; -78.85278
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2022 Buffalo shooting
The Tops supermarket in February 2022
Map
Location1275 Jefferson Avenue,
Buffalo, New York, U.S.
Coordinates42°54′35″N 78°51′10″W / 42.90972°N 78.85278°W / 42.90972; -78.85278
DateMay 14, 2022 (2022-05-14)
c. 2:30 – 2:36 p.m. (EDT; UTC−04:00)
TargetAfrican Americans
Attack type
Mass shooting, mass murder, domestic terrorism, right-wing terrorism, hate crime
Weapon
Deaths10[4]
Injured3[4]
PerpetratorPayton S. Gendron[5]
Motive
VerdictState charges:
Pleaded guilty
ConvictionsState charges:
ChargesFederal charges:
SentenceState sentence:
11 consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole plus 90 years
Part of a series on
Neo-fascism
Fasces
Core ideas
Varieties
Origins
Movements, organizations, and parties
People
History
Related topics
Opposition
icon Politics portal

On May 14, 2022, a mass shooting occurred[14][15] in Buffalo, New York, United States, at a Tops Friendly Markets supermarket in the East Side neighborhood. Ten people, all of whom were African Americans, were murdered and three were injured.[16][17][18] The shooter, identified as 18-year-old Payton S. Gendron,[5] livestreamed part of the attack on Twitch, but the livestream was shut down by the service in under two minutes.[19] Gendron was taken into custody and charged with first-degree murder. He formally entered a plea of "not guilty" on May 19, 2022.[20] On November 28, 2022, Gendron pleaded guilty to all state charges in the shooting, including murder, domestic terrorism, and hate crimes.[8] On February 15, 2023, Gendron was sentenced to 11 consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole; as of that date, federal charges are still ongoing,[21] and the federal prosecution also expressed their intention to seek the death penalty.[22]

Gendron is reported to have written a manifesto describing himself as an ethno-nationalist and a supporter of white supremacy who is motivated to commit acts of political violence. He voiced support for the far-right "Great Replacement" conspiracy theory in the context of a "white genocide". The attack has been described as an act of domestic terrorism, and it is also being investigated as a hate crime which was motivated by racism.[6][7][23][24] Governor Kathy Hochul promised policy changes in the state as a result of the attack while condemning the shooter;[23] shortly afterwards, New York banned most semi-automatic sales to people under 21 and certain types of body armor.[21] Around March 19, 2024, a New York judge ruled Reddit and YouTube must face lawsuits in connection with the mass shooting over accusations that they played a role in the radicalization of the shooter.[25]

Shooting[edit]

At around 2:30 p.m. EDT (UTC−04:00), 18-year-old Payton S. Gendron arrived at the Tops supermarket on Jefferson Avenue, in a predominantly Black neighborhood in Buffalo, New York.[26][27] He was armed with a Bushmaster XM-15 AR-15-style rifle, modified to accept high-capacity magazines,[1][2][3] and multiple 30-round ammunition magazines.[28] In his car, he had a Savage Arms Axis XP hunting rifle and a Mossberg 500 shotgun.[1] He was wearing body armor, a military helmet, and a head-mounted camera, through which he livestreamed the attack on the online service Twitch.[17][29] As he approached the scene, he was recorded on his livestream saying "just got to go for it".[30]

Gendron first shot four people in the parking lot, killing three.[31] He then entered the store, shooting eight more people and killing six.[12][32] At 2:31 p.m., Buffalo police received a call reporting shots fired at the store. The first responding officers and firefighters arrived a minute later and reported bodies lying outside the building. At 2:34 p.m., a dispatcher started informing responding officers of an active shooter situation at the store.[33]

According to a law enforcement source, Gendron yelled racial slurs during the incident.[7] Many employees and customers used the store's break room to hide from Gendron and barricaded the door with a heavy desk. Other customers were hidden by employees in the milk cooler and said Gendron shot through the coolers, but the milk cartons stopped the bullets.[34] At some point, an armed security guard, former Buffalo Police Department officer Aaron Salter Jr., shot at him. Due to Gendron's body armor, Salter's bullet did not stop him. Gendron returned fire at Salter, who died at the scene.[35] At another point, he aimed his gun at a white person behind a checkout counter, but he apologized and did not shoot.[36]

By 2:36 p.m., Gendron had gone to the front of the building, where patrol officers were able to talk him into dropping his gun after he reportedly aimed it at his neck.[33][32] A total of sixty shots were fired during the shooting.[37] After his arrest, Gendron made disturbing statements regarding his motive and state of mind.[20]

Victims[edit]

Thirteen people—eleven of them black and two white—were shot, ten fatally.[5][27] One of them, 55-year-old Aaron Salter Jr., was a former Buffalo Police lieutenant who was working as a security guard when he confronted Gendron.[38] In addition to Salter, the people fatally shot were Celestine Chaney, 65; Roberta A. Drury, 32; Andre Mackniel, 53; Katherine Massey, 72; Margus D. Morrison, 52; Heyward Patterson, 67; Geraldine Talley, 62; Ruth Whitfield, 86; and Pearl Young, 77.[39]

Four victims were employees of the store, including Salter who died; the other three survived.[35][40][41] All ten who died were black.[20][42][43]

Aftermath[edit]

Dozens of residents held a vigil at the supermarket the day after the shooting. True Bethel Baptist Church held a mourning service nearby, which was attended by families of the victims and some of those who survived the attack.[44] A moment of silence was held at game one of the 2022 National Lacrosse League playoffs eastern semifinals being held in Buffalo, between the Toronto Rock and Buffalo Bandits, and the proceeds of the 50/50 raffle were donated to the victims' families. Bandits head coach John Tavares told the media after his team's victory that the athletes played "definitely with a heavy heart" given the circumstances.[45] A charity softball game at Sahlen Field featuring members of the Buffalo Bills held a moment of silence prior to the event and donated a portion of the proceeds to victims' families.[46]

The Tops' closure after the shooting slowed food access in the East Side, where it was the only supermarket since it opened in 2003.[47][48] Organizations inside and outside the community started programs to fill its absence, distributing and delivering food and clothing to residents. Tops provided free shuttle service to another location and pledged to send refrigerated food trucks daily.[48][49] The company later stated that it would reopen the store on July 15, with a memorial honoring the victims.[50]

Investigation[edit]

Erie County Sheriff John Garcia said the shooting was a "straight up racially motivated hate crime from somebody outside of our community".[51] Stephen Belongia, the head of the local FBI office, told reporters that the agency was investigating the shooting as both a hate crime and an act of racially motivated violent extremism.[41] Police arrested Gendron and transported him to Buffalo Police Headquarters, with police reporting him to be in custody by about 2:36 p.m.[33][32] Gendron's parents were interviewed by federal agents.[52]

According to the Buffalo police commissioner, they uncovered information that if he escaped the supermarket, he had plans to continue his attack.[53][54] The county's district attorney said he had evidence that Gendron was motivated by racial animosity.[55] According to law enforcement sources who spoke to The Buffalo News, they were investigating Gendron's alleged contact with a number of people online, including a retired federal agent, and whether these individuals had thirty minutes of advance notice of the attack yet did not notify the authorities.[56]

A separate investigation into the conduct of a 911 operator during the shooting began on May 15. An assistant manager at the Tops store reportedly called 911 and spoke to the dispatcher in a whisper, in order to avoid detection by Gendron. The employee was then reportedly shouted at by the dispatcher, who wondered aloud why the woman was whispering and then allegedly hung up on her. The Office of the Erie County Executive announced the dispatcher was placed on administrative leave and was then fired after a disciplinary hearing.[57][58][59]

Perpetrator[edit]

Payton S. Gendron (born June 20, 2003),[5] is a white male and was 18 years old at the time of the shooting.[60] He had traveled three and a half hours to the supermarket from his hometown of Conklin, New York,[29] about 200 miles (320 km) away.[20][60][61] Gendron graduated from Susquehanna Valley High School[62] and was previously enrolled at SUNY Broome Community College in Binghamton for an engineering science program.[60][63] His parents are civil engineers and, according to his neighbors, Gendron previously stated his intention to become one as well.[64] Classmates who were interviewed by The New York Times said that Gendron was quiet, had rarely attended in-person classes, and that he had exhibited a range of idiosyncratic behaviors, including wearing a hazmat suit to class.[62]

The police said that Gendron had been in Buffalo in early March.[65] They also said that he was in Buffalo the day before the shooting and that he had carried out reconnaissance at the Tops supermarket.[20] According to police, he had researched previous hate-motivated attacks and shootings.[20] According to a childhood friend of Gendron's, Gendron came to the friend's house the day before the shooting and left five boxes of ammunition at the house. Supposedly, Gendron told the friend he needed to leave the ammunition because Gendron needed to rearrange his own house, and that Gendron would need to retrieve the ammunition later.[54][65]

Investigation of previous threat[edit]

In June 2021, Gendron had been investigated for threatening other students at his high school by the police in Broome County.[20][60][66] A teacher had asked him about his plans after the school year, to which Gendron responded, "I want to murder and commit suicide."[67] He was referred to a hospital for mental health evaluation and counseling but was released after being held for a day and a half.[20][66][68]

Gendron told police that he was merely joking; however, Gendron later wrote online that this was actually a well-executed bluff.[65][69] He was not charged in connection with the incident since, according to investigators, he had not made a specific enough threat to warrant further action.[66][69] The New York State Police did not seek an order from a state court to remove guns from Gendron's possession.[69][70] The mental health evaluation was not an involuntary commitment, which would have prohibited him from buying guns under federal law.[69]

Weapons[edit]

Gendron cleared the background check by filling in Form 4473, as is typically required under U.S. federal law. During the purchase of the Bushmaster XM-15 AR-15–style rifle used in the shooting, the seller said that Gendron passed the background check and that the seller did not remember Gendron.[71][3] Gendron cleared another check while purchasing a shotgun at a store in the neighboring town of Great Bend, Pennsylvania, located 8.7 miles (14.0 km) away from his Conklin house, saying that he would use it for target practice; this shotgun was later recovered by police from Gendron's automobile.[69] Since New York prohibits the purchase and/or possession of ammunition magazines capable of holding more than 10 rounds of ammunition, Gendron traveled to Pennsylvania from his home in New York to purchase a 30-round ammunition magazine.[72] Before the shooting, Gendron wrote that he had purchased a rifle and illegally modified it in order to enable it to hold 30-round magazines.[73][1] Gendron also wrote that he selected an AR-15-style rifle for its effectiveness, and that he specifically selected the Bushmaster XM-15 for its notoriety.[74]

On one of his rifles, Gendron had reportedly written the word nigger along with references to reparations.[75] Gendron's gun also reportedly was covered with references to white supremacist mass murderers Dylann Roof, Robert Bowers, Brenton Tarrant, and John Earnest, the acronym SYGAOWN (Stop Your Genocide Against Our White Nations),[76] far-right slang "Buck status: broken",[77] the year 2083—a reference to the manifesto of Anders Behring Breivik[78]—and a depiction of the Archangel Michael's Cross of the fascist Romanian Iron Guard.[78][79][80] A law enforcement source told The Daily Beast that Gendron had also written on his rifle the names of one or more victims of the Waukesha Christmas parade attack.[81] On the weapons in his car which had not been used during the shooting, he reportedly had written "White Lives Matter" and, according to CNN, "what appears to be the name of a victim of a crime committed by a black suspect."[82]

Manifesto[edit]

Prior to the shooting, Gendron supposedly wrote and released online a 180-page manifesto that primarily references the topic of mass immigration. The manifesto was originally posted on Google Docs on the evening of May 12, two days before the attack, and according to file data, it has not been modified since.[83] Federal law enforcement sources told CNN that they were reviewing the document[12][84] along with Gendron's 673-page online diary.[64] The manifesto contains biographical information of the author identical to that of Gendron, such as the author sharing Gendron's birth date.[83]

The author describes himself as someone who initially identified as being on the "authoritarian left"[85][86] before he developed American neo-Nazi, antisemitic, eco-fascist, ethno-nationalist, populist, and white supremacist views.[12][87] He claims to have adopted these ideological stances after he visited the discussion board /pol/ on 4chan, an imageboard, as well as the website The Daily Stormer beginning in May 2020,[5] on which he saw "infographics, shitposts, and memes" around the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.[83][88][89] The manifesto primarily promotes the white nationalist and far-right "Great Replacement" conspiracy theory of Renaud Camus, which claims that elites are promoting immigration and decreasing white birth rates in an attempt to subject whites to a genocide.[5][90] The manifesto also says that Jews and societal elites are responsible for transgender inclusivity and non-white immigration, that Black people disproportionately kill white people, and that non-whites will overwhelm and wipe out the white race.[91][92]

The manifesto's author also expressed support for far-right mass shooters Dylann Roof, Anders Behring Breivik, and Brenton Tarrant.[5][93][94] About 28% of the document is plagiarized from other sources, especially Tarrant's manifesto.[95][88] As much as 57% of the text-based ideological sections were plagiarized in this manner; this was measured by excluding the sections which consisted of Internet meme images, other pictures taken from online, and logistical discussion about the equipment for the attack.[96]

The planning for the attack commenced in January of 2022. Buffalo was targeted because it was the city closest to the author's home that had the most Black residents. He then proceeded to select the ZIP code area within Buffalo with the highest percentage of Black residents.[12][29] The manifesto includes extensive details about preparations for the supermarket attack itself and a plan to, following the initial shooting, travel to a majority-Black neighborhood in Buffalo to conduct further attacks.[83][94][97] It characterizes the attack as having been "intended to terrorize all nonwhite, non-Christian people and get them to leave the country."[98]

Activity on chat logs[edit]

Gendron is also reported to have had an account on the chat platform Discord, with the same username as the Twitch user who livestreamed the attack.[65] Thousands of chat logs were retrieved from the account's postings in a private chatroom, which were written in the form of an online diary and range from November of 2021 to 13 May 2022. The logs include photos of Gendron, and the author claimed to be Gendron.[64][65][99] Police said that they believed the messages are genuine.[100] The chat logs reference a speeding ticket that is consistent with one received by Gendron.[101] The logs also include to-do list items seemingly indicating that the author was preparing for the attack.[102] The chat logs indicated that the attack was originally planned to occur on March 15 so that the author could commemorate the anniversary of the Christchurch mosque shootings.[65][103] However, the attack was delayed due to the author developing a case of COVID-19.[104][105] The logs contained indications from as early as November 2021 that the author planned to livestream a mass shooting targeting Black people.[98] He claimed authorship of a post on 4chan from 9 November 2021, that said, "a brenton tarrant event [sic] will happen again soon."[101]

The online diary also had sketches of the layout of the inside of the Tops supermarket.[98] The diary mentions visits to the supermarket on March 8.[82][98] During these visits, the author notes being challenged by the security guard, which the author described a close call. He also noted the numbers of Black people and White people in the supermarket during his visits.[101][106] The author considered attacking various locations, including a Walmart in Rochester, New York, and institutions with predominantly Black attendees such as churches, malls, and elementary schools.[64][101][107] He also considered attacking synagogues but decided against it because March 15 would not fall on a Saturday (the Jewish sabbath), thus, synagogues were not likely to have many attendees at the author's desired time to attack.[107] He wrote that he used data available through Google to determine when the busiest times in the supermarket would be.[108][104]

The author of the online diary described himself as being socially isolated. He said, "I would like to say I had quite a normal childhood (<18) but that is not the case." He also said, "It's not that I actually dislike other people, it's just that they make me feel so uncomfortable I've probably spent actual years of my life just being online. And to be honest I regret it. I didn't go to friend's houses often or go to any parties or whatever. Every day after school I would just go home and play games and watch YouTube, mostly by my self [sic]."[64] In another entry, he added, "If I could go back maybe I'd tell myself to get the fuck off 4chan ... and get an actual life."[64] At one point in the chat logs, the author describes killing and mutilating a cat.[101][63] The chat logs include occasional suicidal ideation and self-doubt from the author.[109]

In a post from December 9, 2021, the author describes staying in the emergency room of a hospital for 20 hours on May 28, 2021, as a result of stating his intention to commit murder–suicide in an online assignment for his economics class. He described the hospital stay as a very negative experience from which he gained encouragement to take action.[64][63] In other entries, he posted photos of modifications he made to his rifle so that it could be equipped with 30-round magazines, while acknowledging that this was illegal in New York.[64][110] He also posted details about obtaining other equipment for a planned attack, such as body armor and a helmet.[101]

About 30 minutes before the shooting began, invitations to the chatroom that hosted the online diary logs were sent to a small group of other Discord users.[108][111] After that point, at least fifteen other users joined the chatroom and would have been able to view the chat logs.[112][99] According to a Discord spokesperson, they found no indication that any other users were aware of the diary before that time.[111][104] The logs' author also sent others online messages containing links to the Twitch livestream which he would later use to show the attack.[113][99] According to the message attached to the invite, Discord users could also view a livestream through the Discord chatroom, as opposed to the Twitch livestream.[99] The chatroom was disabled when Discord learned about its alleged relationship to the shooting.[99]

Other than the online diary, chat logs related to the attack were also retrieved from a second chatroom on Discord where members primarily discussed weapons as a dedicated topic. There, the user reported to have been Gendron sought advice regarding equipment such as body armor.[104][114] Prior to the shooting, the livestream footage quickly leaked to multiple other social media sites, including Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Reddit.[115]

Legal proceedings[edit]

Criminal charges[edit]

Gendron was arraigned in Buffalo City Court, a New York State Court. Represented by a public defender, Gendron entered a not guilty plea to multiple charges of first-degree murder. A felony hearing was scheduled to begin on May 19 in front of a grand jury. He was held without bail under suicide watch.[5][116] On the same day, the Attorney General of the United States, Merrick Garland, confirmed that the United States Department of Justice was investigating the shooting as a hate crime and as an act of racially-motivated violent extremism.[117]

On May 19, it was announced that Gendron was indicted on the charge of first-degree murder by a grand jury in a decision that had been handed up the day prior.[118] Gendron briefly appeared in court on May 19.[112] On June 1, a grand jury issued a 25-count indictment against Gendron.[119] The jury charged him with "one count of domestic terrorism motivated by hate",[9] as well as "10 counts of first-degree murder as a hate crime, 10 counts of second-degree murder as a hate crime, three counts of attempted second-degree murder as a hate crime and one count of second-degree criminal possession of a weapon", according to The Washington Post.[10] Gendron was arraigned in Erie County Court on June 2, 2022, and pled not guilty to all 25 charges.[120][11]

On June 3, 2022, a filing made on behalf of one of the survivors from the attack sought a court order for the preservation of a number of items in the possession of Gendron's parents.[121][122] The filing sought to preserve, among other things, any of his available cellphones, computers (and web browsing history), travel and school records, video game consoles, and receipts for firearms and ammunition.[121] Additionally, the filing requested that his parents be made to provide pretrial depositions in court by July 29.[121][122]

On June 15, Gendron was charged with 26 counts of federal hate crimes and also additional gun charges. Should he be convicted of any of the more serious federal hate crimes, he faces the possibility of the death penalty. If the death penalty is applied, it would only be carried out by the federal government.[13]

State[edit]

On November 17, Gendron agreed to plead guilty to all state charges.[123] On November 28, he pled guilty to fifteen state-level counts: ten counts of first-degree murder, three counts of attempted murder motivated by hate, criminal weapons possession, and domestic terrorism motivated by hate.[124] On February 15, 2023, Gendron was denied youthful offender status and received 11 life sentences without the possibility of parole plus 90 years.[21] (Currently, there is no capital punishment in New York.)[21] He was later transferred to Livingston County Jail in Geneseo, New York.[125]

Federal[edit]

As of the date of his state sentencing, Gendron was still facing federal charges. In December 2022, Gendron's lawyer indicated that he would be willing to plead guilty to the federal charges to avoid the death penalty.[21] On January 12, 2024, the Department of Justice said that it would seek the death penalty,[126] making this the first death penalty case under Garland, who had in the past expressed his opposition to capital punishment.[127] In explaining their reasons to seek the death penalty, the prosecutors stated that Gendron's decision to select the supermarket showed he planned to “maximize the number of Black victims”, his beliefs in white supremacy, and the substantial planning and premeditation behind the crime, were among the factors they considered in seeking capital punishment for Gendron.[128][129] Gendron's trial is set to begin on September 8, 2025.[130]

Reactions[edit]

National[edit]

President Joe Biden offered his prayers for the victims and their families;[131] he called the shooting a racially motivated hate crime, an act of domestic terrorism, and went on to call white supremacy a "poison ... running through our body politic".[132][133] The Erie County Sheriff's Office tweeted their condolences to all of the victims and their families and offered resources and personnel to assist the officers.[131]

Twitch response[edit]

Twitch confirmed that its service was used to broadcast the shooting. It said that the account that posted the livestream had been indefinitely suspended and that any attempts to re-stream the footage would be monitored and prohibited.[5][134] Gendron's livestream was removed less than two minutes after the violence started according to a spokesperson;[29] it was unclear if he was still actively firing at the time.[135] The livestream was recorded by at least one individual and posted to the site Streamable, where it had acquired more than 3 million views by May 15. The spread of the video on other sites has led to discussions about social media sites' liability, responses to similar content, and free speech on the sites.[136][137]

Fox News as a potential inspiration[edit]

Fox News anchor Tucker Carlson has repeatedly dog whistled several ideas and concepts referencing the Great Replacement theory on his nightly political talk show Tucker Carlson Tonight.[138][139][140][141] Much of Carlson's rhetoric around the theory has been speculated as a potential inspiration for the shooting.[142][143][144]

American publications widely condemned the conspiracy theories—including the notion of a "white genocide" supposedly occurring in the U.S.—advocated by the assailant. The Daily Beast journalist Andy Craig has argued that beliefs "centered around the claim that there is a deliberate plot to commit to genocide against white Americans—using non-white immigration as its supposed primary means" created a "noxious brew of ideas" that animated the killer, recommending that all supporters of freedom of speech as an ideal condemn such extremist thinking.[6] Gendron's claim of a "Great Replacement" has drawn increased scrutiny of Republican political and media figures who have made statements embracing or echoing the conspiracy, most prominently Fox News commentator Tucker Carlson.[28][145] National Review, a conservative news magazine, criticized this scrutiny of Carlson, with columnist Dan McLaughlin saying: "He never mentioned Tucker Carlson, and [he] expressed his hatred for Fox News [in the manifesto]."[146] In response, Carlson said that the suspect's manifesto was "not recognizably left-wing or right-wing; it's not really political at all. The document is crazy."[147] However, Kate Maltby, writing for The Jewish Chronicle, drew attention to language Gendron used in his reported manifesto attacking diversity, which is similar to wording Carlson employed in one of his broadcasts.[148] House Republican Conference chair Elise Stefanik, the third highest-ranking Republican in the U.S. House, also had attention drawn to her hardline views in the conspiracy theory that the Democratic Party is trying to replace or overwhelm Republican voters with immigrants, using an open-door immigration policy in order to win elections.[28][149][150]

Footage from the Buffalo shooting was reportedly included on a violence-glorifying website created by the 2022 Colorado Springs shooting's suspect.[151]

Legislative[edit]

The proposed Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act, which would have established domestic terrorism offices in the DOJ and FBI focused on neo-Nazis and white supremacy, passed the House on May 18 but failed in the Senate on May 26. Republicans argued that the measure duplicated already existing efforts by American law enforcement while also risking targeting individuals unfairly as political extremists. Democrats noted the tough polarization in Congress while arguing that the Republicans failed to compromise on pragmatic changes to fight gun deaths.[152][153]

On June 7, 2022, the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary held hearings to examine "the 'Metastasizing' Domestic Terrorism Threat After the Buffalo Attack."[154] The Committee heard testimony from the son of rampage victim Ruth Whitfield, former commissioner of the Buffalo Fire Department Garnell Whitfield, Jr., who asked the committee, "to imagine the faces of your mothers as you look at the face of my mother, Mrs. Ruth Whitfield… and ask yourself… is there nothing we can do? Is there nothing that you personally are willing to do to stop the cancer of white supremacy and the domestic terrorism it inspires?".[155][156]

In response to this attack, as well as the Robb Elementary School shooting in Uvalde, Texas that occurred 10 days afterwards, the New York State Legislature passed laws banning semi-automatic sales to most people under 21 as well as certain types of body armor.[21]

Local[edit]

New York Governor Kathy Hochul traveled to Buffalo to assist with the response.[7] Governor Hochul said "we'll be aggressive in our pursuit of anyone who subscribes to the ideals professed by other white supremacists and how there's a feeding frenzy on social media platforms where hate festers more hate."[23] Hochul called for stronger federal gun violence prevention legislation, saying "What has made this so lethal, and so devastating for this community, was the high-capacity magazine that would have had to have been purchased elsewhere, that's not legal in the state of New York."[69][72]

The attorney for one of the victims' families, Benjamin Crump, has argued that public policy changes need to take place to fight political extremist activism as a result of the shooting. He remarked, "We have to direct our attention to these internet sites that inspire these young people that are radicalizing them to be hate-mongers, to be people who hate people because the color of their skin."[157]

The New York State Education Department announced that it was cancelling the U.S. Government and History Regents Exam because it contained a question that the department determined might be upsetting to students in the aftermath of the shooting. The state did not specify what the question said or why it may have been objectionable.[158][159] Canisius College, a local university that Aaron Salter Jr. had previously attended, posthumously awarded him a bachelor's degree during their 2022 graduation ceremony.[160]

International[edit]

Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau condemned the attack.[161][162] Buffalo is on the Canadian border and is adjacent to Fort Erie, Ontario. Jim Diodati, the mayor of Niagara Falls, Ontario, called Buffalo mayor Byron Brown to express his solidarity with Buffalo. Flags in Niagara Falls were lowered at half-mast in honor of the victims.[163]

Legacy[edit]

The Buffalo & Erie County Public Library is developing an intentional and authentic record of the 2022 Buffalo shooting. This collection work will include oral history recordings and the preservation of mementos that will create a repository of collective memory.[164]

A coalition to document the tragedy includes Buffalo & Erie County Public Library, The Buffalo History Museum, Buffalo State University, Burchfield Penney Art Center, Canisius University, Darwin D. Martin House, Michigan Street African American Heritage Corridor, The Patricia H. and Richard E. Garman Art Conservation Department, Uncrowned Queens Institute for Research and Education on Women, victims’ family members, survivors, and broader community members. The mission is to create a historical record that will demonstrate to current and future generations a true account of the tragedy that took the lives of ten innocent people, wounded three others, and forever changed the history of our city.[165]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Whitlock, Craig; Willman, David; Horton, Alex (May 16, 2022). "Massacre suspect said he modified Bushmaster rifle to hold more ammunition". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  2. ^ a b Marcius, Chelsia Rose (May 15, 2022). "The suspect bought his weapon without leaving an impression, a gun store owner said". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c Sullivan, Becky (May 16, 2022). "The Buffalo suspect bought a rifle months after cops ordered a psychiatric evaluation". NPR. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  4. ^ a b Vogt, Adrienne; Ruiz, Joe; Wagner, Meg (May 14, 2022). "10 dead in Buffalo shooting, police commissioner says". CNN. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i McKinley, Jesse; Traub, Alex; Closson, Troy (May 14, 2022). "Gunman Kills 10 at Buffalo Supermarket in Racist Attack". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Craig, Andy (May 15, 2022). "Turn Pushers of This 'Anti-White' Conspiracy Theory Into Pariahs". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  7. ^ a b c d Albert, Victoria (May 14, 2022). "10 killed in 'racially motivated' mass shooting at Buffalo supermarket, FBI says". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  8. ^ a b "Buffalo gunman pleads guilty in racist supermarket massacre". AP NEWS. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  9. ^ a b Katersky, Aaro; Hutchinson, Bill (June 2, 2022). "Buffalo mass shooting suspect 1st charged with 'domestic terrorism' in New York state history". abcnews.go.com. ABC News. Archived from the original on June 16, 2022. Retrieved June 16, 2022. The white teenager who allegedly killed 10 Black people in a Buffalo, New York, supermarket last month is the first person in state history to be charged with domestic terrorism motivated by hate, a prosecutor said Thursday.
  10. ^ a b c Berman, Mark; Kornfield, Meryl (June 1, 2022). "Buffalo shooting suspect charged with murder as a hate crime, domestic terrorism". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  11. ^ a b O'Brien, Brendan (June 2, 2022). "Suspect in Buffalo mass shooting pleads not guilty to 25 counts". Reuters. Archived from the original on June 2, 2022. Retrieved June 2, 2022.
  12. ^ a b c d e Prokupecz, Shimon; Moshtaghian, Artemis; Maxouris, Christina (May 15, 2022). "What we know about Buffalo supermarket shooting suspect Payton Gendron". CNN. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  13. ^ a b c Sneed, Kim; Li, David K. (June 15, 2022). "Hate crime charges filed against Buffalo shooting suspect who allegedly killed 10 at supermarket". NBC News. Archived from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2022.
  14. ^ "Buffalo grocery store mass shooter pleads guilty to terrorism and murder charges in racist attack". CNN. November 28, 2022. Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
  15. ^ Kriner, Mathew; Barbarossa, Erica; Bernardo, Isabella (July 2022). "The Buffalo Terrorist Attack: Situating Lone Actor Violence into the Militant Accelerationism Landscape". Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey. Archived from the original on February 11, 2023. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
  16. ^ "The youngest of the 10 people killed in the Buffalo shooting was laid to rest". NPR. May 21, 2022. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022 – via Associated Press.
  17. ^ a b Michel, Lou; Tsujimoto, Ben; Becker, Maki (May 14, 2022). "Ten killed in mass shooting at Jefferson Avenue supermarket; shooter in custody". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  18. ^ Thompson, Carolyn; Balsamo, Michael; Collins, Dave (May 14, 2022). "At least 10 dead in mass shooting at Buffalo supermarket". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  19. ^ Browning, Kellen (May 14, 2022). "The gunman broadcast the attack on a livestreaming site". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Levenson, Eric; Jorgensen, Sarah; Sandoval, Polo; Beech, Samantha (May 15, 2022). "Mass shooting at Buffalo supermarket was a racist hate crime, police say". CNN. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  21. ^ a b c d e f Thompson, Carolyn (February 15, 2023). "White supremacist gets life in prison for Buffalo massacre". AP News. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  22. ^ "US seeks death penalty for Buffalo shooter who killed 10 at supermarket". The Guardian. January 13, 2024. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  23. ^ a b c "Gov. Hochul on the mass shooting in Buffalo: 'An act of terror'". WWNY. May 15, 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  24. ^ "Online radicalisation led a white supremacist to target African-Americans". The Economist. May 19, 2022. Archived from the original on June 18, 2022. Retrieved June 18, 2022.
  25. ^ "Judge rules Reddit and YouTube must face lawsuits claiming they enabled Buffalo grocery mass shooter". NBC News. March 19, 2024. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  26. ^ "Buffalo shooting: Ten dead in suspected race attack at New York state store". BBC News. May 14, 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  27. ^ a b "Buffalo supermarket shooting: What do we know so far?". Associated Press. May 15, 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  28. ^ a b c Luscombe, Richard (May 16, 2022). "Scrutiny of Republicans who embrace 'great replacement theory' after Buffalo massacre". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  29. ^ a b c d Acevedo, Nicole; Dienst, Jonathan; Romero, Dennis (May 14, 2022). "10 killed, 3 wounded in racist shooting at Buffalo supermarket, officials say". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  30. ^ Paget, Sharif (May 14, 2022). "Livestream of shooting shows gunman pulling up to supermarket and saying, 'Just got to go for it'". CNN. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  31. ^ D'Angelo, Bobb (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo supermarket shooting: Here's what we know". KIRO 7 News Seattle. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
  32. ^ a b c "Buffalo shooting suspect had tactical gear and was heavily armed, according to police commissioner". CNN. May 14, 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  33. ^ a b c Besecker, Aaron (May 14, 2022). "'We have bodies down here': Police radio transmissions reveal grim scene at Saturday's mass killing". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  34. ^ Elamroussi, Aya (May 19, 2022). "How some Tops shoppers found safety in the store's break room during the shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  35. ^ a b Erbacher, August (May 14, 2022). "Security guard who tried to stop mass shooter at Buffalo Tops identified as Aaron Salter". WKBW. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  36. ^ Thompson, Carolyn; Balsamo, Michael (May 15, 2022). "Buffalo shooter targeted Black neighborhood, officials say". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  37. ^ Johnson, Kevin (June 15, 2022). "Buffalo shooting suspect charged with federal hate crimes, Garland meets with victims' families". USA Today. Archived from the original on July 6, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
  38. ^ Andone, Dakin; Vera, Amir (May 15, 2022). "A 'hero' security guard, a former fire official's mother and a teacher were among the 10 people killed at a Buffalo grocery store". CNN. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  39. ^ Alisha Ebrahimji, Dakin Andone and Amir Vera. "Buffalo shooting victims: 'Hero' guard and a teacher who was a 'pillar of the community' are among 10 killed". CNN. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  40. ^ Maxouris, Christina (May 14, 2022). "Authorities say the suspected Buffalo supermarket shooter traveled from hours away. Here's what we know". CNN. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  41. ^ a b Tsujimoto, Ben; Spina, Matthew; Specht, Charlie (May 14, 2022). "Police investigating Buffalo mass shooting as 'racially motivated violent extremism'". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  42. ^ Fisher, Marc; Bogage, Jacob; Foster-Frau, Silvia. "A barrage of 'never-ending gunshots': Inside the Buffalo massacre". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  43. ^ Kekatos, Mary (May 16, 2022). "How a hospital treated victims of the Buffalo shooting". ABC News. Archived from the original on May 20, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  44. ^ Zucker, Jenna; Borter, Gabriella (May 15, 2022). "Suspect in racist shooting in Buffalo was detained for mental health check last year". Reuters. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  45. ^ Mauntah, Richard. "Buffalo's NLL team plays and wins "for the community"". Toronto Sun. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  46. ^ Getzenberg, Alaina (May 15, 2022). "Hyde uses charity game to aid shooting victims". ESPN.com. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  47. ^ Stahl, Jeremy (May 19, 2022). "What We Get Wrong About Food Insecurity in Places Like Buffalo's East Side". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  48. ^ a b Gramza, Janet (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo unites to feed 'food desert' after mass shooting closes supermarket". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  49. ^ Diaz, Jaclyn (May 19, 2022). "The Buffalo shooting shuttered Tops and left a food desert. Locals are stepping in". NPR. Archived from the original on February 19, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  50. ^ Minkewicz, Sarah; Anstey, Evan (July 13, 2022). "Buffalo Tops reopening this Friday". Archived from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  51. ^ Woodward, Alex; Marcus, Josh (May 15, 2022). "Suspect, 18, arrested as 10 dead in 'racially motivated' attack on supermarket". The Independent. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  52. ^ Freile, Victoria E.; MacIntyre-Yee, Tina; Bacon, John; Ortiz, Jorge L. (May 15, 2022). "Suspect in deadly Buffalo shooting threatened his high school last year, official says: Latest updates". USA Today. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  53. ^ White, Alexandra (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo shooting suspect planned to continue 'rampage', police say". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  54. ^ a b Katersky, Aaron; Shapiro, Emily; Cohen, Miles (May 17, 2022). "Buffalo suspect had plans to continue his killing rampage: Commissioner". ABC News. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  55. ^ Watson, Stephen T. (May 14, 2022). "Racial motives seen in shooting that left 10 dead in Buffalo supermarket". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  56. ^ Michel, Lou; Herbeck, Dan (May 26, 2022). "Authorities investigating if retired federal agent knew of Buffalo mass shooting plans in advance". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  57. ^ Lenthang, Marlene (May 19, 2022). "911 dispatcher put on leave after allegedly hanging up on employee during Buffalo shooting call". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  58. ^ Shanahan, Ed (May 19, 2022). "911 Dispatcher May Be Fired Over Handling of Buffalo Shooting Call". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  59. ^ Tan, Sandra (June 2, 2022). "911 call taker fired after hearing determines she mishandled call during Tops shooting". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on June 6, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
  60. ^ a b c d Watson, Stephen T.; Becker, Maki; Herbeck, Dan (May 14, 2022). "Gunman, 18, drove more than 3 hours to Buffalo to commit hate crime, officials say". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  61. ^ "Buffalo mayor says alleged shooter traveled 'hours from outside' the city to attack supermarket". CNN. May 14, 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  62. ^ a b Melendez, Pilar; Daly, Michael; Dowdall, Layne (May 15, 2022). "How the Buffalo Supermarket Shooter Stalked His Victims". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  63. ^ a b c Yousef, Odette (May 20, 2022). "The Buffalo shooting suspect's online footprint prompts questions about red flags". NPR. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  64. ^ a b c d e f g h Frosch, Dan; McWhirter, Cameron; Vielkind, Jimmy; Wells, Georgia (May 17, 2022). "Buffalo Shooter's 673-Page Diary Reveals Descent Into Racist Extremism". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  65. ^ a b c d e f McKinley, Jesse; Bromwich, Jonah E.; Newman, Andy; Marcius, Chelsia Rose (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo Suspect Planned Attack for Months, Online Posts Reveal". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  66. ^ a b c "Buffalo shooting kills 10: Live updates". The Washington Post. May 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  67. ^ Chan, Melissa (May 16, 2022). "New York's red flag law should have helped thwart the Buffalo mass shooting. What went wrong?". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  68. ^ Zucker, Jenna; Borter, Gabriella (May 15, 2022). "Suspect in racist shooting in Buffalo was detained for mental health check last year". Reuters. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  69. ^ a b c d e f Nickeas, Peter; Tolan, Casey; Langmaid, Virginia (May 17, 2022). "How the 18-year-old suspect legally obtained guns before the Buffalo mass shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  70. ^ Bromwish, Jonah E.; Newman, Andy; Southall, Ashley (May 16, 2022). "How guns are taken away under New York's 'red flag' law". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  71. ^ Southall, Ashley; Marcius, Chelsia Rose; Newman, Andy (May 15, 2022). "Before the Massacre, Erratic Behavior and a Chilling Threat". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  72. ^ a b Helmore, Edward (May 18, 2022). "Buffalo shooting followed tripling of gun production in 30 years, ATF figures reveal". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
  73. ^ Bowman, Emma (May 15, 2022). "What we know so far about the Buffalo mass shooting". NPR. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  74. ^ Pasciak, Mary B. (May 17, 2022). "Tops Markets shooter chose AR-15 to stoke controversy". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  75. ^ Lenthang, Marlene; Dienst, Jonathan; Stelloh, Tim (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo shooting suspect planned to continue rampage down street, police say". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  76. ^ "Buffalo Shooter Gun Littered With Racist Language". TMZ. May 17, 2022. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  77. ^ "'Buck Status: Broken': Behind the Violently Racist Phrase on the Buffalo Shooter's Gun". MEL Magazine. May 19, 2022. Archived from the original on June 2, 2022. Retrieved June 2, 2022.
  78. ^ a b "Buffalo Shooter's Weapons Covered in White Supremacist Messaging". Anti-Defamation League. May 15, 2022. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  79. ^ Photo of rifle with names and captions Archived May 17, 2022, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved June 19, 2022
  80. ^ "USA - Buffalo Shooter's weapons covered in white supremacist messaging - CFCA | The Coordination Forum for Countering Antisemitism". Antisemitism.org.il. May 17, 2022. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2022.
  81. ^ Daly, Michael (May 15, 2022). "Buffalo Shooter Put Name of Waukesha Christmas Parade Victim on Rifle". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  82. ^ a b Caldwell, Travis; Morales, Mark; Moshtaghian, Artemis; Elassar, Alaa (May 17, 2022). "Online posts reveal suspected gunman spent months planning racist attack at a Buffalo supermarket". CNN. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  83. ^ a b c d Collins, Ben (May 14, 2022). "The Buffalo supermarket shooting suspect posted an apparent manifesto repeatedly citing 'Great Replacement' theory". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  84. ^ Caldwell, Travis; Morales, Mark; Moshtaghian, Artemis; Elassar, Alaa (May 17, 2022). "Online posts reveal suspected gunman spent months planning racist attack at a Buffalo supermarket". CNN. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  85. ^ Jarvie, Jenny; Hennessy-Fiske, Molly; Winton, Richard (May 15, 2022). Lauter, David (ed.). "A new generation of white supremacist killer: shedding blood with internet winks, memes and livestreams". The Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  86. ^ Tawfik, Nada (May 17, 2022). "Buffalo shooting: Biden rebukes 'poison' of white supremacy". BBC. Archived from the original on May 29, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  87. ^ "Analysis Suspect in Buffalo rampage cited 'ecofascism' to justify actions". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  88. ^ a b Stanley-Becker, Isaac; Harwell, Drew (May 15, 2022). "Buffalo gunman was inspired by racist theory underpinning global carnage". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  89. ^ Kellen Browning; Ryan Mac (May 15, 2022). "After Buffalo Shooting Video Spreads, Social Platforms Face Questions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  90. ^ Chotiner, Isaac (May 15, 2022). "Making Sense of the Racist Mass Shooting in Buffalo". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  91. ^ Stanley, Jason (May 15, 2022). "Buffalo shooting: how white replacement theory keeps inspiring mass murder". The Guardian. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
  92. ^ Tress, Luke (May 15, 2022). "Manifesto attributed to Buffalo shooting suspect pushes antisemitic conspiracies". The Times Of Israel. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  93. ^ Wilkinson, Joseph (May 14, 2022). "Buffalo supermarket shooter was radicalized by New Zealand mosque killer". The New York Daily News. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  94. ^ a b Thompson, Carolyn; Collins, Dave (May 15, 2022). "Racially motivated shooter pointed to Christchurch attacks in 'manifesto'". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  95. ^ "Racist screed linked to Buffalo mass shooter 'plagiarized' portions from Christchurch mosque shooter, expert says". News 4 Buffalo. May 16, 2022. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  96. ^ Ihler, Bjorn (May 15, 2022). "On the Terrorist Attack in Buffalo, NY". The Khalifa Ihler Institute. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  97. ^ Specht, Charlie (May 15, 2022). "Buffalo police credited with saving lives, but gunman's surrender is questioned". Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  98. ^ a b c d Thompson, Carolyn; Sisak, Michael R.; Tucker, Eric (May 16, 2022). "Online Diary: Buffalo Gunman Plotted Attack for Months". U.S. News & World Report. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  99. ^ a b c d e Swaine, Jon; Albergotti, Reed (May 19, 2022). "Just before Buffalo shooting, 15 users signed into suspect's chatroom, says person familiar with review". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
  100. ^ Kaplan, Michael; Triay, Andres (May 17, 2022). "Messages appear to show Buffalo supermarket shooting suspect's months-long plan to carry out attack". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  101. ^ a b c d e f Swaine, Jon; Bennett, Dalton (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo shooting suspect wrote of plans 5 months ago, messages show". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  102. ^ Danner, Chas (May 14, 2022). "Ten Dead After White Supremacist Gunman Attacks Buffalo Supermarket". The Daily Intelligencer. New York. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  103. ^ D'Anastasio, Cecilia; Alba, Davey (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo Massacre Suspect Mapped Plans on Discord App for Months". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  104. ^ a b c d Chayka, Kyle (May 19, 2022). "The Online Spaces That Enable Mass Shooters". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  105. ^ Sisak, Michael R. (May 18, 2022). "Buffalo shooter let some people see plans just before attack". The Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  106. ^ Braine, Theresa (May 16, 2022). "Security guard challenged alleged Buffalo shooter two months earlier, according to online account". The New York Daily News. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  107. ^ a b Weill, Kelly; Briquelet, Kate (May 16, 2022). "Ugly Chat Logs Show Months of Racist Plotting by Buffalo Suspect". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  108. ^ a b Elamroussi, Aya; Moshtaghian, Artemis; Frehse, Rob (May 18, 2022). "Buffalo suspect's posts about attack plans could be seen online 30 minutes before mass shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  109. ^ Bromwich, Jonah E. (May 17, 2022). "Before Massacre Began, Suspect Invited Others to Review His Plan". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  110. ^ Eaton, Joshua (May 19, 2022). "YouTube videos that taught Buffalo suspect to modify his gun are still online". NBC News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  111. ^ a b Bromwich, Jonah E. (May 17, 2022). "Before Massacre Began, Suspect Invited Others to Review His Plan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  112. ^ a b Morales, Mark; Levenson, Eric; Beech, Samantha (May 19, 2022). "15 people joined suspected Buffalo shooter's Discord private chat shortly before the shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on May 20, 2022. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
  113. ^ Goggin, Ben; Collins, Ben (May 16, 2022). "Buffalo suspect considered attacking elementary schools, churches, according to online chat logs". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  114. ^ Kav, Anusha; Leung, Albert (May 22, 2022). "Accused Buffalo killer got weapons tips in chat group, prompting calls for online oversight". CBC News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  115. ^ "Footage of Buffalo Attack Spread Quickly Across Platforms, Has Been Online for Days". May 24, 2022. Archived from the original on October 2, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  116. ^ Erbacher, August (May 14, 2022). "Tops shooting suspect arraigned in Buffalo City Court, public defender enters 'not guilty' plea on his behalf". WKBW. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  117. ^ "Justice Department investigating shooting as a hate crime". CNN. May 14, 2022. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  118. ^ "Grand jury indicts man in Buffalo supermarket shooting". The St. Louis Post-Dispatch. The Associated Press. May 19, 2022. Archived from the original on May 20, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  119. ^ "Grand jury indicts Buffalo shooting suspect on charges of domestic terrorism, murder". USA Today. The Associated Press. June 1, 2022. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  120. ^ "Suspected Buffalo mass shooter pleads not guilty to all 25 charges including terrorism". WHAM. June 2, 2022. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 2, 2022.
  121. ^ a b c Thompson, Carolyn (June 3, 2022). "In court filing, Buffalo survivor faults gunman's parents". The Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  122. ^ a b "Good Morning, Buffalo: Tops shooting survivor intends to sue accused gunman's parents, seeks court order". The Buffalo News. June 4, 2022. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  123. ^ McKinley, Jesse; Closson, Troy; de Freytas-Tamura, Kimiko (November 17, 2022). "Buffalo Shooting Suspect Expected to Plead Guilty in Massacre". New York Times. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
  124. ^ Stableford, Dylan (November 28, 2022). "Buffalo shooter pleads guilty to 15 charges, including domestic terror motivated by hate". news.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  125. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  126. ^ "Federal prosecutors to seek death penalty against Buffalo, New York, supermarket gunman, a first for Biden administration". CNN. January 13, 2024. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  127. ^ "Mass shooting at Buffalo supermarket now Justice Department's first death penalty case under Garland". AP News. January 13, 2024. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
  128. ^ "Prosecutors to seek death penalty for white supremacist who killed 10 at Buffalo supermarket". AP News. January 13, 2024. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
  129. ^ "Buffalo: US seeks death penalty for gunman in racist shooting". BBC. January 13, 2024. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
  130. ^ THOMPSON, CAROLYN (February 3, 2024). "Trial date set for white supremacist who targeted Black shoppers at Buffalo supermarket". CNY Central. CNY Central. Archived from the original on February 5, 2024. Retrieved February 5, 2024.
  131. ^ a b Ryan, Patrick (May 14, 2022). "'Pure evil': 10 dead, 13 shot in Buffalo supermarket mass shooting". WIVB-TV. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  132. ^ Stockman, Paul; Duke, Adam (May 14, 2022). "White House, Josh Allen, local leaders react to Buffalo mass shooting". WIVB-TV. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  133. ^ Morgan Chalfant, Brett Samuels (May 17, 2022). "Biden: White supremacy a 'poison' in America". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  134. ^ Duke, Adam (May 14, 2022). "Twitch deletes shooter's live-stream video of Buffalo mass shooting". WIVB-TV. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  135. ^ Stelter, Brian; Paget, Sharif (May 15, 2022). "Twitch says livestream of Buffalo mass shooting was removed in less than 2 minutes". CNN. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  136. ^ Browning, Kellen; Mac, Ryan (May 16, 2022). "After Buffalo Shooting Video Spreads, Social Platforms Face Questions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022 – via Yahoo News.
  137. ^ Harwell, Drew; Oremus, Will (May 16, 2022). "Only 22 saw the Buffalo shooting live. Millions have seen it since". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  138. ^ Bump, Philip (April 14, 2021). "Tucker Carlson's toxic 'replacement' rhetoric gets picked up in the House". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
  139. ^ Haltiwanger, John (September 23, 2021). "Tucker Carlson peddled a white supremacist conspiracy theory while attacking Biden over the Haitian migrant crisis". Business Insider. Archived from the original on September 25, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
  140. ^ Yourish, Karen; Cai, Weiyi; Buchanan, Larry; Byrd, Aaron; Harvey, Barbara; Migliozzi, Blacki; Taylor, Rumsey; Williams, Josh; Zandlo, Michael (April 30, 2022). "Inside the Apocalyptic Worldview of 'Tucker Carlson Tonight'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  141. ^ Confessore, Nicholas (April 30, 2022). "What to Know About Tucker Carlson's Rise". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 21, 2022. Retrieved November 22, 2022. In more than 400 episodes, the Times analysis found, he has amplified the idea that a cabal of elites want to force demographic change through immigration. Mr. Carlson's producers often trawl the web for supporting material. In the show's early years, clips would sometimes be sent to the network's fact checkers, who would occasionally discover that a story had actually originated farther afield, on a racist or neo-Nazi site like Stormfront.
  142. ^ Folkenflik, David (May 17, 2022). "What the shooting in Buffalo has to do with Fox News host Tucker Carlson". NPR. Archived from the original on March 30, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
  143. ^ "Fox News' Tucker Carlson under fresh scrutiny after Buffalo mass shooting". NBC News. May 17, 2022. Archived from the original on March 22, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
  144. ^ Lincoln, Ross A.; Gomez, Dessi (May 16, 2022). "Tucker Carlson Faces Backlash Over 'Replacement Theory' Rhetoric After Buffalo Mass Shooting". The Wrap. Archived from the original on March 12, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
  145. ^ Confessore, Nicholas; Yourish, Karen (May 15, 2022). "A Fringe Conspiracy Theory, Fostered Online, Is Refashioned by the G.O.P." New York Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  146. ^ McLaughlin, Dan (May 16, 2022). "How to Capitalize Politically on Mass Murder". National Review. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  147. ^ "Tucker Carlson distances himself from Buffalo suspect Payton S. Gendron". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  148. ^ Kate Maltby (April 28, 2023). "Fox News has never been a good thing for Jews". The Jewish Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 3, 2023. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  149. ^ Sotomayor, Marianna (May 15, 2022). "Stefanik echoed racist theory allegedly espoused by Buffalo suspect". Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  150. ^ "Racist Attack Spotlights Stefanik's Echo of Replacement Theory". New York Times. May 16, 2022. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  151. ^ "F.B.I. asking about videos and racist website in connection with Colorado shooting". NBC News. December 8, 2022. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  152. ^ For, Clare (May 18, 2022). "House passes bill to prevent domestic terrorism in the wake of Buffalo mass shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  153. ^ Barrett, Ted; Fordan, Clare (May 26, 2022). "Senate Republicans block domestic terrorism prevention bill in key vote". CNN. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  154. ^ "Examining the 'Metastasizing' Domestic Terrorism Threat After the Buffalo Attack | United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov. June 7, 2022. Archived from the original on June 7, 2022. Retrieved June 8, 2022.
  155. ^ Whitfield, Garnell Jr. (June 7, 2022). "Testimony of Garnell Whitfield, Jr., Senate Judiciary Committee Hearing on "Examining the 'Metastasizing' Domestic Terrorism Threat After the Buffalo Attack" June 7, 2022". United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Archived from the original on June 8, 2022. Retrieved June 8, 2022.
  156. ^ "Son of Buffalo Victim Pushes Congress: 'What Are You Doing?'". VOA. June 7, 2022. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved June 8, 2022 – via Associated Press.
  157. ^ Morgan, David (May 16, 2022). "Hold accountable those who radicalize people into 'hate-mongers,' Ben Crump says after Buffalo mass shooting". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  158. ^ Aiello, Tony (May 24, 2022). "In response to Buffalo mass shooting, New York state cancels U.S. History and Government Regents exam". CBS News. CBS. Archived from the original on May 27, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  159. ^ Beals, Monique (May 24, 2022). "New York cancels history Regents exam following Buffalo shooting". The Hill. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  160. ^ Tsujimoto, Ben (May 20, 2022). "Aaron Salter Jr., victim in mass shooting, to receive bachelor's degree posthumously from Canisius College". Buffalo News. Archived from the original on September 26, 2022. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
  161. ^ "Mass shooting in Buffalo, N.Y., that killed 10 a racially motivated hate crime, authorities say". CBC News. May 14, 2022. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  162. ^ Lavery, Irelyne (May 15, 2022). "At Least 10 Dead In 'Racially Motivated' Shooting At Buffalo Supermarket: Police". ET Canada. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  163. ^ Taekama, Dan. "Families in Ontario grieve with Buffalo, N.Y., after 'heartbreaking' mass shooting". CBC News. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  164. ^ Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. May 14th Community Collecting Initiative Archived October 17, 2023, at the Wayback MachineBuffalo, NY – October 16, 2023
  165. ^ Beker, Maki. How do you tell the story of 5/14: Coalition searches for ways to share history as it unfolds. Archived October 22, 2023, at the Wayback Machine The Buffalo News. (October 20, 2023).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022_Buffalo_shooting&oldid=1218827846"